Suhravardī and Āδar Kēvān
The “Parsi” School of Āδar Keyvān
The “Parsi” School of Āδar Keyvān
Suhravardi, un sage persan du 12ème siècle
Suhravardī (A.D. 1155-1191), se considérait comme un philosophe illuminatif. Il s’habillait comme les derviches, avec le bonnet de mage (mithriaque), voyageait sans cesse, s’abstenait de viande, et priait vers le feu et le soleil. Il n’est donc pas étonnant qu’il ait fini par être emprisonné à Alep où il subit une mort terrible en prison. Si Mani était l’apôtre de la religion de la lumière, Suhravardī, contraint d’accepter l’Islam, composait pour sa part une philosophie de la lumière, comme un mélange de la sagesse des Perses, de la révélation hermétique et la philosophie néo-platonicienne, et la nommait la Sagesse Orientale (qui est aussi le nom de son grand livre, حکمة الاشراق). La religion de la lumière nous présente un drame pseudo-historique du monde, dont le cœur est le salut. Par contre, cette Sagesse est un autre aspect, aspect passif, de la doctrine de la lumière –c’est une pseudo-géographie du monde. 
Une prière au soleil
Suhravardi nous a laissé deux prières au soleil (en arabe), l’une grande et l’autre petite. Litany to the sun
Suhravardī and Āδar Kēvān Here is the Litany to the sun written by Suhravardī (twelfth century) who was the founder of the Illuminative (Oriental) School. It was translated by Āδar Kēvān (sixteenth-early seventeenth century) who immigrated to India (Patna in Bihar) to escape from the persecution of Islam (Safavid period) and became the founder of a new school which was inspired by the philosophy of Light of Suhravardī. The adherents of this school considered themselves as Pārsī Āδarī, lit. ‘Persian, Fiery’. Āδar Kēvān developed a mystical doctrine that he at best exposited in his book, the Dasātīr. He ascribed this litany to the legendary hero Taxma Urupi. The book Xvartāb ‘sunshine’ is written by Syāvaxš ī Ohrmazdyār, a Parsi/ Irani belonging to the school of Āδar-Kēvān, in 1860 A.D. It describes a calendar (called Humāyōn ‘fortunate’) inspired by the Persian “Royal” calendar based on a 33-year arithmetic cycle with 8 leap years which dates back to the eleventh century.
The 33-year cycle consists of seven leap years of 366 days after three ordinary years of 365 days, and one leap year after four ordinary years. Each year has 12 months of 30 days. At the end of the 12th month, Spendārmed, five additional days (panja) are added in the ordinary years, and six additional days (šaša) in the leap years. The average year length in such a scheme equals 365.242424… The epoch of Humāyōn calendar was Wednesday, the first day of the first month, Fravardīn, corresponding to March 21, 1860 A.D. –notice that the vernal equinox of that year was on Tuesday, March 20, 09:05 U. T. When seven cycles will be completed, the first day of Fravardīn will be again a Wednesday. Thus, this period of 231 years forms a complete period. |
A paper read before the INALCO- Centre Clichy, on 10th May 2011, by Raham Asha, and translated from French by Azadeh Jasemi
The “Parsi” School of Āδar Keyvān Around the end of the 16th century or, in other words, almost at the end of the Islamic millennium, two religious movements came into existence, one in India, the other one in Persia. Discours prononcé le 10 mai 2011 à
INALCO, France Raham Asha Le Courant Pārsī-Āδarī Vers la fin du 16e siècle, c.-à-d. à la rencontre de la fin du millénaire de l’Islam, deux courants religieux ont apparu, en Inde et en Perse  INALCO- Centre Clichy
104, Quai de Clichy, Clichy 92110, M° Mairie de Clichy Salle A-211, 15h30-17h30 Mojan Membrado a le plaisir d’accueillir le Mardi, 10 mai 2011 Dr. Raham ASHA Pour une conférence sur le thème de : " Âzar Keyvân et l'impact du courant "illuminatif" des Pârsi Âzari sur l'élite persane et indienne du XVI-XIX siècles " Mardi 10 mai 2011 , 15h30-17h30 Raham Asha , Âzar Keyvân et l'impact du courant "illuminatif" des Pârsi Âzari sur l'élite persane et indienne du XVI-XIX siècles INALCO- Centre Clichy, 104, Quai de Clichy, Salle A-211, Clichy 92110, M° Mairie de Clichy |